A cordless phone is a telephone that is portable and uses an encrypted radio signal to transmit the voice signal wirelessly to a base station, which itself is plugged into a traditional analogue, or a newer voip style connection.
A cordless phone ususlly consists of two parts:
The handset and base unit are commonly connected using the DECT standard which uses the 2.4GhZ frequency and a strict code for encrypting voice data and will provide up to 80 metres range in a typical indoor anvironment and up to 150 metres in an ideal open plan situation.